Bava Kamma 107

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 152016
 

Rava’s explanation of Rav’s opinion (regarding one who takes an oath regarding a pikadon and then witnesses come, he is no longer obligated to pay the owner), is questioned from Ravi Mamnuna’s understanding of Rav.  But Rav Hamnuna’s understanding is reinterpreted in a way that fits in with Rava’s expalnation.  3 halachot are brought by Rabbi Yochanan regarding the responsibilities of one who falsely claims that the pikadon was stolen.  Questions on his opinions and opposing opinions are brought.  Issues related to – is there an obligation of 4 or 5 times the payment if he slaughtered and sold the object, does double payment also apply if he claimed the item was lost, and is he obligated in a double payment only in a case where the admitted to owing part of the claim and denied part of the claim or also when he denied the entire claim?

Study Guide Bava Kamma 106 and 107

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 106

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 142016
 

Rav Sheshet holds that once one denies a claim regarding an item he was watching, he becomes a robber and is obligated to pay even for accidental damages.  Others question his opinion and counter that the change from shomer to robber happens only once he swears falsely.  Various sources are brought to question Rav Sheshet but are resolved.  Rav learns from the verse “the owner takes and he doesn’t need to pay” that once one swears, even if witnesses come and prove that he was lying, he will no longer need to pay.  Various sources are brought to question Rav.  As a result of one question on Rav, Rava reinterprets Rav’s statement and limits it to a case where the shomer claimed it was  lost, and then swore.  He did not admit he was lying but witnesses came and proved he was lying.  In that case he does not need to pay.  But in any case where he came forward and admitted or in a case where he claimed it was stolen and then witneses came, he would be obligated to pay (as the verses in the Torah clearly state that).

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 105

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 132016
 

The gemara establishes from the mishna and a braita that heirs need to pay the 1/5 that their fathers owe.  The gemara then brings a braita which implies that they don’t.  2 answers are given to explain in which cases they do and in which they don’t.  Since the mishna establishes that the obligation to return the item directly to its owner only applies when the item owed is more than a pruta.  Rava questions a number of cases in which the value was a pruta and now went down in value or the stolen items we all together a pruta but half was returned.  Rava also asks about chametz that was stolen before Pesach and at the time the robber swore falsely, it was already after Pesach and the item no longer had value.  Do the laws of swearing falsely for theft apply since the chametz has potential value since in the event it gets stolen, the owner needs to pay back the value from when it was stolen or do they not because at this moment, the item exists and it has no value since it is forbidden to benefit from chametz that was around on Pesach.  Raba thought there was an obvious answer that one is obligated because of the financial potential.  Rav Amram questions his answer from a braita and Raba answers it up saying that his opinion and the braita are referring to different circumstances.

Study Guide Bava Kamma 105

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 104

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 122016
 

The mishna assumes that one who swears falsely is the one who needs to ensure that he gets what he stole directly to the one who he stole from.  But that if he stole but didn’t swear about it, it would be sufficient to send in the hands of a messenger.  The gemara questions how this fits in or doesn’t with an argument Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva have regarding one who stole and five people claim he stole from them and he doesn’t know which one is the one he stole from.  Three different answers are brought.  The gemara then discusses an argument between Rav Hisda and Rabba about a case where one sent a messenger to receive his loan payment (for example) and appointed the messenger in front of witnesses, would this mean that the messenger is receiving it on his behalf and the borrower is no longer responsible if something happens to the money on the way or is the messenger just there to make it easier for the borrower to get the money back to the original owner but is not in fact assuming responsibility.  and if the item gets lost/stolen on the way the borrower would need to repay the loan.  The nature of the payment of the one fifth is discussed – is it a gift to the one who was robbed in order to effect atonement for the robber or is it a financial payment?  Ramifications are also brought.

Study Guide Bava Kamma 103

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 103

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 112016
 

An opinion of the people in Israel is brought that claims that if a middleman changes from what the buyer wants, the buyer cannot acquire the item because the seller had no intent to give rights to the buyer – his intent was on the middleman.  A braita is brought to contradict that claim – however it is explained that the issue in the braita was not the same.  A case with Rav was brought to support their opinion but then it was explained that the issue was a different one and was unrelated.  The ishna discusses an asham gezeila – in a case where someone steals and swears that he didn’t and later regrets it and admits that he lied, he must make sure to return the item to the original owner, even if it means it will cost him money to travel to find the owner.

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 101

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 092016
 

The gemara asks whether the value of wool that is dyed is considered like it is wool with dye in it or do we say that since the dye isn’t tangible, we don’t view it as being made up of dye and wool.  The gemara then proceeds to explain in what case there is relevance to the question.  A number of attempts are rejected and then a number of cases are brought in which the question is relevant.  They attempt to answer the question by bringing in sources relating to dyeing using shmita and orla produce, but in the end these proofs are rejected.  Rava then raises a contradiction of the orla case and a tumah case and it is resolved.  And in a tangent, Rava brings two contradictory sources relating to whether or not kedushat shviit (shmita) applies to tree not used to eating.  That contradiction is also resolved.

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 100

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 082016
 

Shmuel teaches that if a slaughterer messes up and treifs up the animal, he is responsible whether or not he did it for free or for pay.  Rabbi Yochanan disagrees and distinguishes between one who gets paid and one who does it for free.  He compares it to laws of shomrim and just as one who gets paid to watch an item assumes more responsibility in the event of theft or loss, likewise by the slaughterer or any professional.  However if they are not getting paid, they are like a shomer who watches the item for free who is not obligated in a case of theft or loss.  Is a professional damaging an item more similar to laws of shomrim because the item was given to him by the owner?  Or is it more like adam hamazik – a person who damages another’s item, in which case he is obligated even for unintentional damage (ones).  Cases relating to a money changer are brought – where one rules on the validity of a coin and causes a loss.  If he is a real professional, then he is not responsible if he gave the advice for free, however Rabbi Chiya ruled for himself beyonf the letter of the law and reimbursed a woman for her loss based on his ruling.  A case ensues with Rabbi Elazar and Reish Lakish and the commentaries differ on whether Rabbi Elazar was an expert or not, thereby affecting the conclusion one can assume from that case.  The mishna discusses more cases where the dyer did something different from what he was meant to do and there are 2 different cases and different opinions about what the halacha is in one of them.

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 99

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 072016
 

If you hire someone to  fix something and they break it, they are responsible to pay you the value of it.  Rav Asi holds that if you give someone wood to build you a closet and he builds it but breaks it before he gives it to you,  he is not responsible for the broken item because the object is considered in his possession and he is like a seller who sells it back to you.  THere is a long debate about whether Rav Asi’s statement is agreed upon by everyone or if there is room for another opinion.  In attempting to see if tannaim debated this issue, an argument between Rabbi Meir and the Rabbis is brought regarding a woman who says to a smith to make her jewels with her own materials and she will be betrothed to him with those jewels.  The gemara suggest 4 different options as to what the principles are that stand behind their argument.

Study Guide Bava Kamma 99

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 98

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 062016
 

More discussions on the effects of currency changes on outstanding loans – distinctions are made between the percentage of change.  Raba brings 4 halachot where indirect damage is concerned and rules in all 4 cases that the one who caused the damage is exempt.  Different important halachic principles are discussed such as garmei and davar hagorem lemamon – an item that can have monetary significance even if the item is not worth anything at the time.

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

Bava Kamma 97

 Bava Kamma  No Responses »
Sep 052016
 

The mishna distinguishes between noticeable changes and those that aren’t noticeable.  The robber acquires only through a noticeable change.  There is a debate in the mishna regarding slaves – whether they are treated like land in which the robber does not acquire the slave or is it like movable property and it is acquired by the robber.   Rav paskens like Rabbi Meir that the slaves are like land.  This psak is questionedby the gemara from a number of different directions.  Can usage of a stolen slave who isn’t working be compared to usage of an uninhabited house – where one who uses another’s house since he isn’t causing a loss for the owner, he does not need to pay?  What if one uses another’s boat without permission, what does he need to pay the owner?  The mishna distunguishes between coins that are ruined physically and those that are removed from currency.  The rabbis debate what exactly is the case of removed from currency – cannot be used in that country but can be used in another or cannot be used anywhere?  The gemara gets into a  case of one who takes a loan valued at an old currency and when he goes to pay back the loan, the currency is no longer in use.  Rav and Shmuel debate the case and Shmuel’s opinion is questioned especially in light of how Rav Nachman understand’s Shmuel’s psak.

Study Guide Bava Kamma 97

Podcast: Play in new window | Download

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | RSS

 Older Entries  Newer Entries